Different Types of Retaining Walls

There are many options when it comes to retaining wall construction. Some of them include Crib, Cantilever, Timber, and Sheet piling.

Cantilever

Cantilever retaining wall structures are designed to resist loading from the grounding side. They are made up of reinforced concrete blocks adelaide wall and curved wall. These walls can be used for many purposes.

One of the advantages of cantilever retaining walls is that they require less concrete than gravity retaining walls. They can be as high as ten meters high, making them more cost-effective. These walls can fail in an earthquake, but it is important to keep this in mind.

To avoid failure, the design of these walls must take into account the effects of wind, soil bearing pressure, sliding and uplift. Several techniques have been developed to obtain the optimal design of these structures.

One method used to calculate soil resistance is Rankine. It is a simplified version the Coulomb theory. The Rankine formula takes into account friction between the wall and the soil.

Another method is to calculate the active earth pressure. The soil pressure is calculated using both the axial as well as the lateral loads. For this reason, the maximum moment in the heel of the wall must be considered.

A professional engineer must inspect the retaining wall structure to determine the best structural configuration. They must also account for pressures that prevent wall movement.

The soil resistance is usually measured in psf/foot of depth (pcf). Common values range between 100 pcf and 350 pcf.

Reinforced

A reinforced retaining wall, in general, is a structure built around a foundation. It is usually used to support a road or bridge. It is generally made up of blocks of reinforced concrete. The design, material and construction methods will determine the behavior.

Using three-dimensional nonlinear dynamic time history analysis, the authors of this paper predicted the corresponding behaviors of reinforced retaining walls under various construction methods. This is achieved by examining the effect of different lengths of reinforcement, as well as variable spacing of reinforcement. As a comparison, straight and curved sections are used to determine the effects of these variables.

The LS-DYNA program, a general finite element analysis program, was used to perform the study. Four points were tested: 0, 0.3, 0, 0.5, and 0. For each of these, the corresponding functions were calculated. Finally, the results were compared with a simulation of the same retaining walls, modeled with eight tons of truck weight.

The best answer to the question “What is the smallest or cheapest?” was not necessarily the cheapest. For instance, a 1 meter long reinforcement was not necessarily cheaper than a 3 meter long one. A single meter-long reinforcement is more efficient than a pair 3 meter reinforcements.

Similarly, the most economical solution to the challenge of constructing a solid retaining wall was to use the simplest solution. One method was to insert a piece of geogrid into the base of the wall. Another was to increase the footing distance from the wall crest. Increasing the distance can help minimize lateral pressures on the wall.

Sheet piling

Sheet piling is an alternative to concrete and masonry for retaining walls. It is a cost-effective way to deal with difficult ground conditions.

These structures are used often in railway embankments and coastal barriers. They can be installed into rock or soil.

Sheet piles are heavy metal sheets that interlock and form a retaining wall. These can be made from steel, timber, concrete, or both. The environment will determine the material choice.

Steel sheet piles are lighter and more durable than concrete piles. However, they can be more expensive to install. A hydraulic machine presses the sheet pilings into the ground. Impact hammers are another option.

A sheet pile’s strength depends on its geometry. Generally, steel is the best choice for large bending forces.

Reinforced concrete sheets piles are precast concrete members joined with tongue-and-groove joints. This allows for greater contact points.

Sheet piling for retaining walls is typically used in situations where the soil is relatively hard. For example, when installing in coastal areas, it is important to make sure that the soil is not too hard to be driven into. Also, the sheet piles must be placed in sequence along the excavation perimeter.

Reinforced concrete sheet piles are able to move large volumes of soil. This increases the driving resistance. As a result, these structures are often used for riverbank protection and other forms of flood protection.

Gabion mesh

If you want to construct a wall for your land, you should consider gabion mesh retaining walls. These structures are durable and economical, and can be used in any climate. In addition, they can be used for decorative purposes and outdoor landscaping.

Gabion retaining walls are possible to be built by non-skilled workers. However, you may need to consult with an engineer to get the right kind of design. They are a good solution for stabilizing a slope or controlling erosion in rivers. It is also an affordable alternative to standard fencing.

A combination of wire mesh containers and local stone is used as the filling material for a gabion wall. The size and shape of the stone are usually considered when choosing the filling material. A good quality stone will provide overall stability for the retaining wall.

While selecting stone for a gabion mesh retaining wall, make sure to choose a material that is able to weather and resist water damage. It is also important to choose a material that is easily repairable.

Gabion walls are often designed to work with a natural slope. Because they are strong enough to withstand pressure and natural tension, Gabion walls can withstand a lot of pressure. The mesh can withstand the pressure of stones moving and is strong enough to withstand any deformation.

Gabions are also used for hydraulic works. They are often combined with geotextile to reduce scour. Additionally, they are often used for temporary flood walls.

Crib

A crib retaining wall is a structure that is built to withstand gravity and the forces that are exerted on it. It is constructed by a series of interconnected piles that are driven into foundation soil.

The crib wall is a structure that can support slopes up to 7 m in height. Crib retaining walls can be used to retain planter areas and provide shade overhanging.

These materials are also ideal for slope stabilization in developing countries. Use a durable material to build live crib walls for the best results.

To calculate the internal stability of a crib wall, it is essential to perform a stability analysis. This involves examining the load on the wall, the strength of the elements, as well as the strength of the fill.

Similarly, the silo theory can be used for similar external stability analysis. This method basically involves calculating the average density of a composite body.

The simplest form of crib wall is made of two different materials. The first is a built framework, and the second is a filled. To hold the elements together, infill material is used.

Concrete crib walls are constructed using precast concrete components and durable concrete headers. Each component has a different size to provide for different wall heights.

To determine the most important achievement of a crib wall, you must examine all forces that can be applied to it. This includes frictional force, shear force, and passive pressure.

Timber

Timber retaining walls can be a great way for your garden to add both aesthetic and functional value. They keep soil from washing away and keep your landscape looking beautiful all year. Look out for commercial landscapers.

If you are considering building a retaining wall, you need to make sure you have a solid foundation. The design of the wall is also important. There are many different types of retaining walls, but they all serve different purposes. Some walls are decorative while others are commercially used.

The design of a timber retaining wall depends on the desired aesthetic. It is up to you which materials to choose. Hardwoods have a richer appearance and can last a long time if they are properly maintained.

Typically, a timber retaining wall is less than four feet tall. It should be high enough to prevent soil erosion. But if you need more, you can construct a wall with a stairway.

A retaining wall can be constructed using either concrete blocks or wood. Concrete blocks are easier to install than wood. Plus, they come in a variety of colors and sizes.

A retaining wall made from concrete blocks is more durable and can be painted to achieve your desired finish. For example, a red cinder block retaining wall can be painted to match the color of your home.

Another type of retaining wall is the concrete sleeper. Concrete sleepers are more expensive than the wooden retaining walls, but they offer more aesthetic appeal. These walls require less maintenance.